Physiomobile - Physiotherapy Malaysia

TORTICOLLIS

TORTICOLLIS is an abnormal posture in which the lead and neck are held in side flexion towards the affected side with rotation of the neck to the opposite side.

CAUSES

Muscular contracture of sternomastoid muscle on one side noted in early months of life. Although the cause may be undetermined, it is thought that maybe cause by some sort of trauma during delivery.

Trauma - fracture of upper humerus,clavicle, c-1,c-2 subluxation
Congenital - abnormal formation of cervical spine resulting in the bony deformity
Infection - viral infection cause infection of cervical glands,retropharyngeal abscess
Ocular problems - squint ,visual field defect
Idiopathic - no obvious cause

Sign & symptoms

1. congenital muscular torticollis (cmt) :

Notice initially at age of 4 month or
Parents may notice lump at muscle(sternomastoid tumor),level at angle of jaw- apparent when baby cries
Tightness of sternocleidomastoid muscle may not be accompanied by tumor

2. juvénile muscular torticollis :

It is uncertain this condition happen
Either it is present but not recognize during infancy and head always tilted to one side
The child may have developed facial asymmetry and head always tilted to one side
Head and muscle will be contracted and required surgical release

TORTICOLLIS Risk Factors

TORTICOLLIS - When it comes to congenital torticollis, the number one risk factor is being a firstborn child. For some unknown reason, congenital torticollis is less common for children who are born second or later. For acquired torticollis, risk factors include traumatic injuries to the neck and certain illnesses

TORTICOLLIS Treatment

Gentle massage and myofascial release to the contracted SCM muscle
Stretching of the affected SCM to include rotation and lateral flexion through feeding, holding, carrying, and play techniques
Passive rotation during sleep, particularly toward the non-twisted side
Passive stretches of affected SCM, approximately 2-3 months, 15-20 times per day for 4 - 6 weeks

Strengthening exercises for the contralateral, opposite side, SCM. Strengthening may be performed through head and neck righting. Strengthening must be preceded by stretching
Adapting the environment by encouraging head rotation to side of the affected muscle by placing visual stimulus
Altering infant’s sleep position. Parents are encouraged to do this by placing the baby in his/her crib in such a position that the child must lie opposite to preferred position. May be accompanied by sand bag, pillow, or placing toys and other stimulating objects in field of view

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TORTICOLLIS

TORTICOLLIS Risk Factors

TORTICOLLIS Treatment

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